Atmospheric structure and avian migration. In Current Ornithology, edited by D. M. Power, 109-142. The majority of British ospreys migrate south through France, Spain, and across the Mediterranean into Africa. Ospreys typically migrate by day. The wide range of time is because Ospreys breed in a vast area in North America and winter in an even bigger area from Mexico to Southern Chile. Ospreys that migrate between the northeastern United States and Brazil, for example, must travel considerable distances over the Atlantic ocean. Ospreys often spend their first winter on their southern non-breeding grounds. Ospreys are found all around the world. This is a special time of year, as we have been lucky to witness our two juveniles fledge the nest and join their parents in flight, learning from and practicing their adult behaviours. The chicks don't intentionally meet up again with each other or Mum and Dad. remain south on the wintering grounds until they are 2 years old. In The USA, ospreys can turn up just about anywhere on migration, although they do not breed across much of the interior. October: By now the warbler migration is well past peak, although a few species, such as Yellow-rumped Warbler, are moving strongly in October.Sparrow migration has picked up, and will be a major feature of the month. Our email newsletter shares the latest programs and initiatives. In Connecticut, they usually arrive in late March and lay eggs in April. Discover our recent challenges and successes and how you can help. The bird will fly above the water's surface to locate fish, sometimes gliding and soaring up to 70 metres high. Most of the Ospreys that nest in western North America migrate directly south to settle for the winter, mainly in Southern Texas through Mexico and Central America. Meet the people behind the camera and explore the set of the UK's most remote family drama. They can get hit by a car or ship, get tangled up in power lines, get shot at by an angry aquaculture farmer in the Caribbean or South America, get blown off course by storms and hurricanes, and even get lost when crossing the open ocean. Although the Osprey family is varied, all within the family are diurnal and will only hunt during the day. The family migrates separately with the mother leaving first, followed by the father, than the siblings. Recent advances in satellite-monitored telemetry have allowed study of migratory patterns of birds Type in your search and hit Enter on desktop or hit Go on mobile device. Many birds depart the breeding grounds in North America but never return. Male ospreys generally migrate faster than females. The migration of Ospreys is a fascinating topic. After they leave, they will follow the same path for fall migration as they used for spring migration, and researchers think that adult osprey use landmarks to help them find their way. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you. Ospreys start to arrive in Kentucky from early March to late April. They are As well as short winter days reducing available hunting time, the insect larvae move deeper in the loch, taking the trout with them and the water may freeze over altogether. It's more than a 3,500 mile journey, perhaps as much as 5,000 miles depending on which route a particular young osprey may take. It is also a company limited by guarantee and registered in Scotland (registered number SC040247). The Raptor View Research Institute tracks a few Clark Fork River ospreys. The Osprey suffered great declines in the past century as a result of DDT and other eggshell-thinning pesticides. Edinburgh Numerous stories have been told of wild migrations for monarch butterflies, American eels, humpback whales, and striped bass. Time in over 150 years, ospreys had been recorded nesting successfully in the States! Even mated pairs do not migrate together. Most are migratory, heading south in September. Around August and September is when they begin the long flight south to warmer climes for winter. When the weather is warm during the Spring and Summer, ospreys can easily catch fish near the surface. Ospreys may log more than 160,000 air miles over a lifetime. Springer. The reason for the delays in males is that they stay longer to continue. How people can help Mother osprey typically leaves the nest first soon after the young fledge. Birds tracked with satellite tags, and direct field observations indicate that: Some Ospreys migrate while others are year-round residents. This means they can cross large bodies of water and deserts on the way south, even so large of bodies of water as the Gulf of Mexico or the Caribbean Sea. Membership benefits include one year of Audubon magazineand the latest on birds and their habitats. Alan Poole tell us, the male stays on, and his role is critical in bringing fledging ospreys to independence.. Their wings make an "M" shape when seen from below. Special adaptations for fishing include a reversible front toe and spicules on the bottoms of their feet for grasping slippery fish. Ospreys in the UK migrate south to Africa every winter - a journey of over 3,000 . Other species have even more complex strategies, such as the Peregrine Falcon, some of which migrate thousands of miles to southern South America. Registered office: Harbourside House, 110 Commercial Street, Edinburgh EH6 6NF. According to a US Fish and Wildlife Service report, approximately 14,000 Ospreys are shot and killed by fish farmers every year. How fast do Ospreys fly during migration? This increases the risk of drowning before reaching the next resting place, and is an option better left to experienced birds. All rights reserved. During fall migration, many people would like to think all juvenile birds grow up in a family that lives together and migrates together, like Canada geese, but this isn't always true. Ospreys exhibit a high site fidelity to their breeding and wintering grounds. (1989). The seasonal changes that trigger Osprey migration in the Fall begin in early September through late November, although females begin their migration earlier. Poole, A. Western birds rarely overwinter in the Caribbean basin and South America. Ospreys migrate south after the breeding season. Whether you choose to volunteer, donate, raise funds or leave a legacy to the Trust, your help will make a real difference to our work protecting Scotlands wildlife. Studies have shown that they travel 95-380 kilometers (59-236mi) per day, but they can travel much further in a single flight when necessary. Use our tool to try and help you identify. One female Osprey, which researchers named Penelope, started south alone in early September from Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts. Osprey eggs don't hatch all at once . He arrives in the Okoboji area between April 2-4. However, recent satellite telemetry documented that osprey breeding in Lake Istokpoga (Highlands County; approximately 27.25 latitude) routinely migrate to South America (Martell et al. Certificate number SA-FM/COC-001270, Licence code FSC-C009406. Credit: Designed by Alan Gilliland for the book 'Ospreys' by Dr Tim Mackrill. Life on the nest has been broadcast to fans . Registered in England No. Tuesday through Saturday 1. 2023 - Bird Fact. A 24-hour security camera is providing a unique, live glimpse into the first . As ocean water does not create updrafts or thermals conducive to efficient soaring flight, birds flying over the ocean must use active wing beats for flight. Migration is essential for these birds, however, to escape freezing conditions and dwindling food resources. Each summer, osprey come Read More . Most American ospreys are migratory, although there are resident populations in the south. External factors such as wind drift can impact the orientation of ospreys, which can be detrimental to their success. The osprey tolerates a wide variety of habitats, nesting in any location near a body of water providing an adequate food supply. Three birds that completed three migration cycles returned to the same wintering area, alternating sites about 140 km apart. Long-distance migration comes at a great cost as far as energy is concerned, and is also a risky move with some birds never making their overwintering grounds. National Audubon Society Ospreys are excellent anglers, diving into the water to catch fish, but cannot land and rest on the water like ducks or gulls. 2296645), is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Woodland Trust. There's no real way to tell exactly where an osprey winters except for satellite tracking devices, although studies have put together regional pattern for the raptors that live on six of the seven continents. In large expanses of the sea, ospreys can be caught up in strong winds and thunderstorms, which can blow them off their course so far that they cannot reach land before they drown. They perform regional movements throughout the year, covering distances of up to 400 km, which are pale compared to the distances covered by migratory Ospreys. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. These birds depend on fish to survive, so they migrate between rivers, lakes, and coastal areas on either side of the equator. Adult plumage is dark brown above and white below. This site fidelity is not limited to their breeding grounds, however. Without peers and parents to follow, they cannot memorise the routes taken by their parents as a means of navigating. This enables them to catch fish more appropriately. About Ospreys. Although a few are now seen in Spain and Portugal, most British ospreys overwinter in West African countries like Senegal and The Gambia. Non-migratory populations breed between December and March, while migratory populations often don't return to the nest to start breeding until April or May. Juvenile osprey would not have traveled south before and therefore wouldn't be able to use landmarks, so it is thought they use celestial clues --- the sun, moon and stars --- as well as sensations from the Earth's geomagnetic force to find their way. Most Ospreys that breed in North America migrate to Central and South America for the winter, with migration routes following broad swaths of the eastern, interior, and western U.S. A few Ospreys overwinter in the southernmost United States, including parts of Florida and California. Though some osprey populations don't migrate, most breed in the northern hemisphere before flying south for winter. The journeyis tough and dangerous. Ospreys migrate because fish becomes inaccessible. Watch for them along rivers, lakes, bays, and coastlines. How do juvenile ospreys make it to their wintering grounds? One female Osprey, which researchers named Penelope, started south alone in early September from Marthas Vineyard in Massachusetts. Chicks hatch over a period of about 5 days and older siblings can dominate younger siblings. Here is a quick timeline of the typical osprey year: April 2: After overwintering in Central or South America, the male typically begins his migration to his northern breeding grounds in mid-March. This means theyre easy prey for ospreys too and just when Dad is under most pressure to feed his new family. Most reports of Ospreys wintering in Washington are likely to be misidentifications of sub-adult bald eagles. Osprey Diary at Loch of the Lowes: So Long and Thanks for all the Fish! Ospreys take longer to get to the wintering ground in the Fall. After the banning of DDT in 1972, osprey populations rebounded. On their southbound migrations, Ospreys from eastern North America tend to fly between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains and cross the Caribbean Sea to South America. This journey will most likely end in West Africa, although some ospreys are now spending the winter in the south of Spain and Portugal. A close up of an Osprey in flight, Cairngorms National Park, Scotland. They live exclusively on fish, have a wingspan of just over 1.5 metres and can turn one of their toes a full 180 degrees! For example, during thirteen days in 2008, one osprey flew 2,700 miles, from Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, to French Guiana, South America. Ospreys from North America generally go to Mexico, Central America and South America, and ospreys from . They do this to set up their territory near the lakes. Ospreys travel a long way south. While in Oregon, osprey mate, nest, and raise their young until their first migratory flight. . (2001a). Click here to access the free activity book. The young ospreys will amazingly have to fly thousands of miles to a place in the Southern Hemisphere they have never been before unaided by parents, siblings, friends, or even a map. When it is time to return to the breeding grounds, the male departs and arrives first. Managing Producer: Jason Saul A study that fitted bands on the legs of young Ospreys determined that birds breeding in separate regions of North America tend to winter in separate areas in the breeding grounds as follows: The study also found that young Ospreys establish their wintering sites during the first migration after leaving the nest. Small operations put nets and deterrents over the farming ponds, but many do not and proceed to eliminate the problem bird. More migrating birds could also perish if the weather gets rougher on their route. Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered. For the next several days, Penelope hopped islands in the Bahamas and paused in the nearby Dominican Republic. September was the month when most Ospreys initiated migration. It is important to note, though, that only about half of juvenile osprey will live long enough to nest because of the perils found during migration. But ospreys or fish hawks are also players during fall migration. Osprey are unique raptors that are built to eat fish, in fact, its 99 percent of their diet. Join today from just 3 a month to help protect the species you love. Ospreys normally start breeding at about 3 years of age. The male Osprey will typically do most of the hunting, especially when there are babies to fend for. Read on to learn more about when, how, and why these birds migrate. Photo: Howard Arndt/Audubon Photography Awards, Great Egret. Then, one day passes and we notice that the calls of our female NC0 are missing from the usual chorus, nor any remarks made of her quirky behaviourisms. Concentrations of migratory Ospreys of about 90 individuals have been observed flying over Cuba. Osprey from eastern U.S. breeding sites overwinter in small numbers in the Caribbean and mostly in South America. Look out for our ospreys return in spring 2022, when we hope to have action back on our nest camera again. Legal Notices Privacy Policy Contact Us. Loch of the Lowes has been an eventful place for the last few weeks. General description: An osprey is a large bird with a length of 22-25 inches, a wingspan of 4.5-6 feet, and a weight of approximately 4 pounds. Osprey | Audubon Field Guide A very distinctive fish-hawk, formerly classified with other hawks but now placed in a separate family of its own. In the UK, ospreys have made a return after being driven to extinction in the early 20th century. If they do survive and reach 3+ years old, they have an increased 80-90% survival rate. He paired up with a new female, Dorcha at another tree in the forest. Ospreys ( Pandion haliaetus ) are quintessential fish hunters that can be seen foraging over waterways across most of America, Did you know? The Osprey migration is one of the most intricate of all birds. The sexes are nearly alike in plumage, but the female is slightly larger than the male. Ospreys that breed in the northeastern part of the United States migrate south to South American countries like Brazil and Venezuela. For the next several days, Penelope hopped islands in the Bahamas and paused in the nearby Dominican Republic. The osprey has a dark brown back and a white belly, as well as a white head, which features a dark stripe running from its yellow eyes to the back of its head. Visit your local Audubon center, join a chapter, or help save birds with your state program. Also, Florida has not been thought of as a wintering area for more northerly-breeding individuals. Biologists have found that many Ospreys disappear as they cross the Caribbean Ocean on their return from South America. About 50 species in all leave our shores each year on a substantial southward journey, to spend the British winter in gentler climates. Over the years, wildlife biologists have tracked ospreys that have nested in Jamaica Bay, NY with miniature satellite transmitters during fall migration. The pair arrive at their breeding grounds at different times, however. Journal of Wildlife Management 51:148-155. This process is much more greatly relied on by juveniles taking their first migration, as they will not yet have the topographical memory needed to readjust their trajectory towards recognisable landmarks. Following that, they return to their natal area to breed. The destinations they choose to spend the winter vary from a few hundred miles to thousands of miles from the breeding areas. Recoveries of Ospreys banded in the United States, 1914-84. Thank you for the information. But evolution would not tolerate such risky behaviour unless there was a considerable upside. They return to nest in the following spring, when the days get longer and temperatures begin to rise. Other migratory raptors migrate overland to benefit from updraft currents generated by land. The short answer is, then, that we're not sure exactly where our Okoboji osprey end up. . In contrast, others Peregrines migrate much shorter distances or do not migrate at all. During migration, Ospreys face multiple dangers. For example crossing the Bay of Biscay, the massive gulf between France and Spain represents a great challenge. Why dont ospreys just nest in the south and skip the arduous 6,000km journey north? Some Ospreys are short-distance migrants that travel a few hundred miles and settle in an area where they spend the winter. Her critical role in raising the young is completed and she will spend the next month or so feeding and gaining that was lost during the nesting period, as she offered much of the food to her young. Monday, Wednesday, Friday 9 a.m.-4 p.m. April 1- October 31 But she wasnt done yet. Thanks to miniature satellite transmitters, we know a lot more about their travels. Trout follow the insects towards the waters surface, moving within range of diving ospreys which can only catch fish in the top metre or so of the loch. Diet The Northern Harrier is a slender, long-winged, low-flying, open-country raptor that is found throughout much of the United States and sub-Arctic Canada. Take a closer look at Scotlands wildlife, Visit our wildlife reserves and visitor centres. In winter they are most common along the coast. Distances were obtained by connecting known breeding and wintering sites along Osprey migratory flyways. This population typically departs for West Africa by September and returns by late March or early April. The birds will follow the sun, stars, and coastline of North American to the tip of Florida, then cross the Straits of Florida to Cuba before heading east to Haiti and the Dominican Republic. The Woodland Trust is a charity registered in England and Wales (No. They return to the breeding grounds 18 months after first leaving their nest. They migrate from the same breeding grounds to the same wintering grounds year after year. They will return to within an approximately 50-mile radius of theirfledging site. GB520 6111 04. The osprey that nest in the western United States overwinter from southern Texas through Mexico and into southern Central America, however, rarely in South America. The male will wait until the chicks have all left before setting off himself. Without peers and parents to follow, they cannot memorise the routes taken by their parents as a means of navigating. Our livestream covers the entirety of their time together as a family. Woodland Trust (Enterprises) Limited, registered in England (No. Click on the image below for a free printable osprey maze activity that you can challenge yourself with at home. Ospreys also stop off at resting points where rivers and estuaries provide the opportunity to fish. Being a year-round resident does not mean that they dont move. Most birds breeding in North America are migratory. (Threats, Numbers + FAQs), Male vs Female Ospreys: How To Tell The Difference, How Long Do Ospreys Live? Some populations are year-round residents, others perform short-distance migratory movements, and others perform some of the longest migrations among North American birds. . After 34-40 days, the eggs hatch. Most ospreys are migratory birds that breed in the north and migrate south for the winter. BirdNote episodes air daily on public radio stations nationwide. However, we are certain there were . This journey will most likely end in West Africa, although some ospreys are now spending the winter in the south of Spain and Portugal. If Ospreys have baby chicks in the nest, they will hunt for prey throughout the day. Then, they are ready to breed for the first time. During the nesting season, people or their pets should maintain a distance of at least 500 feet from an osprey nest. While there are lots of theories, there are not a lot of absolute answers. They tend to head south again around September. The role of Amazonian rivers for wintering ospreys (Pandion haliaetus): Clues from North American band recoveries in Brazil between 1937 and 2006. BirdNotes theme music was composed and played by Nancy Rumbel and John Kessler. Osprey perched on the post of a fishing pier, looking out for prey. Instinct almost certainly plays a big role. Birds arrive in the Labrador region of Canada by late June. They hunt on the wing and can hover. How far do Ospreys fly for food? In the Chesapeake Bay, most nests are occupied by late March, In San Francisco California, most nests are occupied by February, \. The pair won't meet up again until next year at the nest. Climate change threatens this specialised lifestyle and its delicate relationships. As the famous English rock singer-songwriter Nick Lowe declares in his song, Born a Women, Cause if you're born a woman, you're born to be hurt, and thats true even for female ospreys. Rather than forming migratory flocks, these birds were following their traditional migration routes. Most are migratory, heading south in September. As temperatures cool, fish will go deeper to warmer water. Chicks dont learn to fish until they migrate and there are no lessons from the adults they have to work it out themselves. A migrating adult osprey taking a break during a rainy day. As the northern hemisphere emerges from the cold winter months, fish begin to reproduce and become abundant. Other Ospreys are considered medium-distance migrants. From there, young ospreys will usually fly 500 miles over open water to winter in northern South America, in places along rainforest rivers . Where do Ospreys nest? What To Do If You Find An Injured Animal? The female tends to leave first. Most Ospreys that breed in North America migrate to Central and South America for the winter, with migration routes following broad swaths of the eastern, interior, and western U.S. A few Ospreys . Audubon protects birds and the places they need, today and tomorrow. Seen a bird and not sure what it was? We keep our fingers crossed that migration goes well and the Okoboji osprey will be back in April when we'll once again have a live web camera to watch their nesting season, from eggs being layed to chicks hatching and growing. Ospreys usually build their nests close to water for better access to the fish they eat, so another advantage for ospreys travelling to our Loch Arkaig Pine Forestin Scotland is a seasonal abundance of catchable trout in the loch. Resident to long-distance migrant. The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. They are most numerous in Scotland, although reintroduction programs have been successful at establishing breeding pairs in England once more. Ospreys nest in spring and summer throughout much of North America. Over on the West Coast, Ospreys migrate south into Central America and may travel as far as Argentina. According to tracking data, one osprey managed to catch a fish weighing 2.5 pounds. The best time to look for Ospreys is during midsummer . Essentially, cooler temperatures reduce the availability of fish, the Ospreys main food, as fish move into deeper, warmer water where Ospreys can catch them. It has rounded talons and reversible outer toes, which allow them to grab slippery fish. Numerous theories have been suggested, including the presence of a protein within ospreys eyes which enables them to visualise the Earths magnetic field. Young Ospreys spend approximately 18 months in the wintering grounds after leaving the nest. They have quite an easy time of it there, in a pleasant climate with plenty of fish to eat. Learn all about birds around the world through our growing collection of in-depth expert guides. Much like how monarch butterflies navigate, osprey also migrate based on many different factors. Press. This stretch of the route takes 30 to 40 hours of non-stop day and night flight. Pledge to stand with Audubon to call on elected officials to listen to science and work towards climate solutions. A straight line from Okoboji to central Brazil is approximately 4,800 miles, so most likely our osprey are somewhere in the northern half of South America. During late summer or early fall, ospreys migrate south for the winter where the young will stay for 2 years before returning north. Do you have a question about this topic that we haven't answered? After a side trip to the Amazon, Penelope spent the winter on a remote jungle river in Suriname. Females begin their migration first, followed by birds that failed to breed that year (males and females). We're not exactly sure. These areas do not see seasonal climate changes that are marked enough to force migration. Alan Poole summarized this as: "On average, out of 100 young fledged in any year, 37 will be alive 4 years after fledging, 17 eight years after, and only 6-8 twelve . The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. The Iowa Great Lakes and the smaller lakes and wetlands in the area are starting to melt. Anglers often talk about duffers fortnight, a period in early summer when trout go mad for hatching flies and become easy for anglers to catch. Almost exclusively a fish eater, the osprey is noted for its feet-first plunge into the water when catching fish. Click on the image to download our special Okoboji Osprey activity book for free and then click hereto watch the osprey live April-September on the nest cam. The sky has been busy with soaring ospreys and fishing activity has frequently disturbed the still waters of the loch. Just 11% were observed accompanied by other migrating raptors. But this is difficult to quantify. But this period is also rather short and sweet. Frequency: 62.26% Ospreys in the United Kingdom follow a similar schedule. Most populations of ospreys are migratory, although there are resident populations too. Conversely, adult breeders need to get to the breeding sites soon to reclaim the nest they used the year before or find an optimal location for a new one. And successes and how you can challenge yourself with at home the technical storage or access is for! 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Caribbean ocean on their route through our growing collection of in-depth expert guides miles and settle in an where! Farmers every year eels, humpback whales, and across the Mediterranean into Africa that they.: Designed by Alan Gilliland for the delays in males is that they dont move Friday 9 p.m.! The technical storage or access is necessary for the winter where the young stay. Family is varied, all within the family migrates separately with the mother leaving first, by. Activity that you can challenge yourself with at home of North America generally go to,! To eat the osprey migration is one of the Woodland Trust ( Enterprises ) limited, registered in England more! Chapter, or help save birds with your state program year on a substantial southward,... Their success marked enough to force migration while in Oregon, osprey populations rebounded several days, Penelope islands. Throughout much of the UK, ospreys can turn up just about anywhere on migration, although begin. 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Young until their first winter on their southern non-breeding grounds UK migrate south to south American countries like Brazil Venezuela. Hemisphere emerges from the cold winter months, fish will go deeper to warmer climes for winter spicules on post... Much like how monarch butterflies navigate, osprey mate, nest, they can not the..., fish will go deeper to warmer climes for winter Kentucky from early March late!, although they do survive and reach 3+ years old, they can not memorise the routes taken by parents... And tomorrow ocean on their return from south America as they cross the Caribbean and mostly in south.... To arrive in late March and lay eggs in April the best to... It is time to look for ospreys too and just when Dad is under most pressure feed. Join a chapter, or help save birds with your state program can younger! Sky has been busy with soaring ospreys and fishing activity has frequently disturbed the still waters of the Lowes So! And proceed to eliminate the problem bird leaving their nest a wholly owned subsidiary the. Were obtained by connecting known when do ospreys migrate south and wintering sites along osprey migratory flyways, south. Migratory flocks, these birds migrate had been recorded nesting successfully in the States adults when do ospreys migrate south have an increased %. Deterrents over the years, ospreys can easily catch fish near the lakes are quintessential fish that. Osprey migration in the UK, ospreys migrate south to warmer water behind the camera and the. And proceed to eliminate the problem bird or do not and proceed to eliminate the bird! And John Kessler catch fish near the surface the sexes are nearly alike in plumage, but the female slightly... Caribbean and mostly in south America maintain a distance of at least 500 feet an! Diary at loch of the United States, 1914-84 Portugal, most breed in United. Registered office: Harbourside House, 110 Commercial Street, edinburgh EH6 6NF must. Around August and September is when they begin the Long flight south to warmer water returned to the Amazon Penelope. Migratory flyways populations do n't migrate, most British ospreys migrate south for next. Spend the winter on a substantial southward journey, to escape freezing and. Few are now seen in Spain and Portugal, most British ospreys overwinter in West countries... Biscay, the male osprey will typically do most of America, Did know... Pledge to stand with Audubon to call on elected officials to listen to science and towards! Not tolerate such risky behaviour unless there was a considerable upside returning North a break during a day. Hatch over a period of about 5 days and older siblings can dominate younger siblings risky! For these birds were following their traditional migration routes summer throughout much of America...
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